Nearly 90 million forcibly displaced people live in countries facing growing exposure to drought, floods and extreme heat, according to a new report from the UN refugee agency. UNHCR says climate hazards can compound the challenges faced by people already uprooted by conflict and persecution.

The agency’s report, released ahead of the COP31 climate conference in Türkiye, says roughly three-quarters of displaced people are in countries with severe climate-related risks. It calls for more climate-adaptation funding to reach fragile and displacement-affected communities.

The report also points to the risk of people being displaced again after returning home. More than two-thirds of refugee returns in the first half of 2026 were to countries highly exposed to climate hazards, UNHCR said. Water scarcity, erratic rainfall and flooding are adding pressure in some return areas, including parts of Syria.

In sub-Saharan Africa, one in three refugee settlements could face at least 100 days of dangerous heat each year by 2050, according to the report. UNHCR says limited access to cooling, water and reliable energy can make heat risks harder to manage. It estimates only about 10% of climate finance reaches fragile or conflict-affected countries.

COP31 is scheduled to run from Nov. 9 to 20 in Antalya. UNHCR is urging governments and climate-finance institutions to account for the needs of displaced people and host communities as they discuss adaptation and climate resilience.

Sources: UNHCR: Nearly 90 million displaced people face severe climate risks; Reuters: 90 million displaced people at risk from climate threats; Associated Press: Climate talks set to open amid disasters and rising temperatures.